Question

Explain eutrophication.

Answer 1

Eutrophication is the process in which excessive growth of algae (commonly called algal bloom) occurs as a result of extra loading of nutrients in the water body. In fact, the presence of sewage and fertilizers (nitrates and phosphates) in polluted water provide a lot of nutrients to the algae (phytoplanktons, etc.) present in the water body. As a result, excessive growth of algae occurs which is termed algal bloom.
The algae subsequently die and aerobic decomposers become active. They consume rapidly the dissolved oxygen of the water and decompose these dead algae. In the absence of dissolved oxygen, all the aquatic life (including fishes) in the water body dies. over the time it converts the lake into the land.