Question

Explain hardy-schulze law with examples

Answer 1

Hardy-Schulze Law:

1. The efficient ions of the electrolyte in bringing about coagulation are those which hold charge reverse to that of the colloidal particles. These ions are called coagulating ions.
2. Greater is the valency of the coagulating or the Flocculating ion, greater is its power to bring about the coagulation.
3. Example: ${\mathrm{Al}}^{+3}>{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+2}>{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$

Explanation:

• Coagulation is the property of colloids that changes particle size from a large number of small particles to a small number of large particles.
• Ions are unsteady particles in the colloidal solution which cause coagulation, these ions are called coagulating ions.
• Negatively charged ions cause the coagulation of positively charged sols and positively charged ions cause the coagulation of negatively charged sols.
• The capacity of Coagulation of electrolytes varies as the valency of ions varies in the electrolytes.
• The more valency the greater the coagulative capacity.
• When electrolytes are added to a colloidal solution the oppositely charged ions of the electrolyte neutralize the sols and the neutralized particles precipitates and form a large particle.