Fishing has long been an important source for human nutrition and commercial activity. Although most fishing occurs at sea, in the marine environment, many smaller-scale fisheries rely on inland bodies of water such as lakes and rivers. Most recreational fishing also occurs in inland locations. Inland fishing captures freshwater fish species, such as trout. Some inland fisheries are based upon fish farming, where species are raised in giant tanks or ponds
Inland fisheries must compete with other uses of freshwater in a lake or river. It may be a water supply for the local population, for example. These different interests must be carefully balanced if the quality of the water is not to be degraded. Many fish species have been threatened by overfishing at inland fisheries. Therefore, sustainable fishing practices need to be encouraged inland as much as in the seas and oceans.