Explain the applications of tissue culture in any three helds.
Tissue culture is the process of culturing tissues of a plant or an animal. These tissues are grown on a nutrient tissue culture medium that is usually of known composition. This technique is used for the production of clones from a parent cell or tissue in a process called micropropagation.
Applications of tissue culture:
• Clonal propagation – the clones produced from single parent have the same genetic composition and can be used for the rapid growth of the colony that also has the exact same genetic makeup.
• Biomass energy generation – The use of micropropagation has enabled the production of some commercially important plant species like Dendrocalamus strictus, Shorea robusta, Tectona grandis etc. these plants can then be used for biomass energy production.
• Production of secondary metabolites – The selective use of plant cells that produce some specific secondary metabolites like alkaloids, steroids, colouring agents, etc. can be done at a large scale in a short amount of time.
• Reducing dormancy - The use of embryo culture technique could be very useful in reducing or sometimes even eliminating the dormancy period of seeds. This could further help to reduce the life cycle of certain plants.
• Reducing embryo abortions – The use of embryo culture technique could also help to deal with the problem of embryo abortions in case of unsuccessful crosses. The immature embryos of hybrids can be cultured and this problem can be dealt with.
Tissue culture is the process of culturing tissues of a plant or an animal. These tissues are grown on a nutrient tissue culture medium that is usually of known composition. This technique is used for the production of clones from a parent cell or tissue in a process called micropropagation.
Applications of tissue culture:
• Clonal propagation – the clones produced from single parent have the same genetic composition and can be used for the rapid growth of the colony that also has the exact same genetic makeup.
• Biomass energy generation – The use of micropropagation has enabled the production of some commercially important plant species like Dendrocalamus strictus, Shorea robusta, Tectona grandis etc. these plants can then be used for biomass energy production.
• Production of secondary metabolites – The selective use of plant cells that produce some specific secondary metabolites like alkaloids, steroids, colouring agents, etc. can be done at a large scale in a short amount of time.
• Reducing dormancy - The use of embryo culture technique could be very useful in reducing or sometimes even eliminating the dormancy period of seeds. This could further help to reduce the life cycle of certain plants.
• Reducing embryo abortions – The use of embryo culture technique could also help to deal with the problem of embryo abortions in case of unsuccessful crosses. The immature embryos of hybrids can be cultured and this problem can be dealt with.
