Question

Explain the architectural features of the Ajanta and Ellora caves.

Answer 1

Instructions: Explain the following points:

• Mention the architectural features of the caves of Ajanta.
• Describe the architectural features of Ellora caves.

Solution:

Caves of Ajanta:

• Caves of Ajanta are located in Aurangabad district near Ajanta village.
• These are prominent examples of the Buddhist art of Vastu.
• The caves are divided into two divisions:
  • Caves based on wall paintings
  • Caves based on sculpture
• Ajanta caves are divided into Chaityas and Viharas.
• In 1819 AD, an English captain John Smith rediscovered the caves.
• Due to the passage of time and gradual human interference, these have been damaged.

Ellora Caves:

• Caves of Ellora are situated at the Aurangabad district in Maharashtra. In total, there are 34 caves.
• Three groups of cave temples:
  • 1-12 Buddhist caves
  • 13-29 Hindu caves, and
  • 30-34 Jain caves.
• Hindu caves were built during the rule of Rashtrakutas.
• Kailias (Kailash) temple in cave no. 16 is magnificent among all.
• The temple is carved out of a single rock and is adorned with balconies, doors, and pillars.
• These caves are the best examples of excellent technology.