Question

Explain the basic techniques of plant tissue culture (diagrams is not necessary).

Answer 1

Plant tissue culture is a method in which fragments of tissue from a plant are transferred to a medium in which they can continue to grow. The cultured tissue may consist of cells or tissues.

Basic techniques in plant tissue cultures:

Plant tissue culture is performed under aseptic conditions.The plant materials which are used are called as explants. Sterilisation of explant is carried out by suing certain solutions. Explants are placed on the surface of solid or liquid medium. The medium contains all the required components for the growth of the explant.

As the cultures grow, there is the formation of callus which is an undifferentiated mass of cells. The callus divides and the cells are transferred to new media to allow growth of the cells. The plant hormones can be added which can promote shoot and root formation. These plants are cultured in nurseries and greenhouses. Later, the plants are transferred to the fields.