Some of the causes are as:
Deforestation that makes soil cover prone to erosion.
Over grazing .
Over irrigation is also one of the reasons.
Unplanned construction.
Unplanned mining .
Some methods to control the same are as:
Afforestation.
Growing grasses.
Over grazing to be reduced.
Use of plant shelter belts.
Planned construction.
Stabilization of sand dunes can be done by planting thorny bushes.