Question

Explain the classification of chromosomes on the basis of position of centromere?

Answer 1

Explanation :

1. Chromosomes are tightly wound DNA bundles found in the nucleus of nearly every cell in our body.
2. The centromere is a condensed or constricted region on each chromosome. The position of the centromere is unique to each chromosome and varies between them. The centromere divides a chromosome into two parts, each referred to as a chromosome arm.
3. Chromosomes take on different shapes depending on where the centromere is located. As a result, chromosomes are classified into four types: Telocentric, Acrocentric, Submetacentric, and Metacentric.
4. Acrocentric chromosomes have a centromere far from the center, resulting in one very long and one concise segment. They are shaped like rods.
5. Submetacentric chromosomes have a centromere that is slightly displaced from the center, resulting in a slight imbalance in the lengths of the two halves. They are either J or L shaped.
6. A metacentric chromosome is one in which the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome. They have a V shape.