Explanation: The tubular structure of the nephron contains segments that concentrate filtered blood plasma by Counter current multiplication. This system is highly complex, self regulating, and depends strongly on Osmosis,Blood pressure, and both primary and secondary Active transport. The system culminates in a large set of tubes with selective water and solute permeability that pass through a hyperosmolar compartment. The permeability of these tubes, or "collecting ducts" are subject to feedback regulation by the endrocrine system which controls how permeable they are, and thus, how concentrated or dilute the urine ends up. Control at each of these individual steps results in urine that is either more or less dilute than blood plasma. "The loop of henle prepares the gradient, and your pituitary tells the collecting tubules whether to exploit it or not."