Question

Explain the concept of transformers

Answer 1

Transformers use the concept of electromagnetic induction, wherein the change in a magnetic field produces an electric current. Only AC can be 'stepped up' (Voltage increased) or 'stepped down' (Voltage decreased) using a transformer. This is because the direction of electric current in AC keeps changing, hence the magnetic field produced also keeps changing. Now, the current flows in what is called the primary circuit, and the current is induced in the secondary circuit. The voltage induced depends on the ratio of number of turns of wire in the two circuits,