Question

Explain the construction of transformer. Mention its principle.

Answer 1

$\text{Construction:}$

For the construction of the transformer, you must have two coils having mutual inductance and a laminated steel core. The two coils are insulated from each other and from the steel core. The device will also need some suitable container for the assembled core and windings, a medium with which the core and its windings from its container can be insulated.

In order to insulate and to bring out the terminals of the winding from the tank, apt bushings that are made from either porcelain or capacitor type must be used.

In all transformers that are used commercially, the core is made out of transformer sheet steel laminations assembled to provide a continuous magnetic path with a minimum of air-gap included. The steel should have high permeability and low hysteresis loss. For this to happen, the steel should be made of high-silicon content and must also be heat treated.By effectively laminating the core, the eddy-current losses can be reduced.The lamination can be done with the help of a light coat of core plate varnish of lay an oxide layer on the surface.

$\text{Working Principle:}$

The basic principle behind the working of a transformer is the phenomenon of mutual induction between two windings linked by common magnetic flux.