Explain the following bar graph showing India's population and population growth rates during $1951 - 2001$ .
The Magnitude and Rate of India's Population Growth
Year Total Population
(in millions) Absolute Increase in the Decade
(in millions) Annual Growth Rate $(%)$
$1951$ $361.0$ $42.43$ $1.25$
$1961$ $439.2$ $78.15$ $1.96$
$1971$ $548.2$ $108.92$ $2.20$
$1981$ $683.3$ $135.17$ $2.22$
$1991$ $846.4$ $163.09$ $2.14$
$2001$ $1028.7$ $182.32$ $1.93$

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Solution

(i) The above bar graph reveals that from $1951$ to $1981$ , the annual rate of population growth was steadily increasing which explains the rapid increase in population from $361$ million in $1951$ to $683$ million in $1981$ .
(ii) Since $1981$ however, the rate of growth started declining gradually. During the period, birth rates declined rapidly.
(iii) Still $182$ million people were added to the total population in the $1990$ s alone. In the year $2001$ India's population became $1028$ million.

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Year	Total Population (in millions)	Absolute Increase in the Decade (in millions)	Annual Growth Rate (%)
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001	361.0 439.2 548.2 683.3 846.4 1028.7	42.43 78.15 108.92 135.17 163.09 182.32	1.25 1.96 2.20 2.22 2.14 1.93

Year of census	1951	1961	1971	1981	1991	2001
population (in millions)	360	432	540	684	852	1020

Year	$1941$	$1951$	$1961$	$1971$	$1981$	$1991$	$2001$
Population (in millions)(approx.)	$320$	$360$	$440$	$550$	$680$	$850$	$1000$

1991

2001

Which figure relates the trend of population Growth rate from 1951-2001?

2.22 %

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Year	Total Population (in millions)	Absolute Increase in the Decade (in millions)	Annual Growth Rate $(%)$
$1951$	$361.0$	$42.43$	$1.25$
$1961$	$439.2$	$78.15$	$1.96$
$1971$	$548.2$	$108.92$	$2.20$
$1981$	$683.3$	$135.17$	$2.22$
$1991$	$846.4$	$163.09$	$2.14$
$2001$	$1028.7$	$182.32$	$1.93$