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Question
Explain the following terms with suitable examples.
(i) cationic detergents
(ii) anionic detergents and
(iii) non-ionic detergents.
(i) cationic detergents
(ii) anionic detergents and
(iii) non-ionic detergents.
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Solution
(i) Cationic detergents : Quaternary ammonium salts of acetates, chlorides or bromides in which the cationic part has a long hydrocarbon chain and N atom has positive charge are cationic detergents. Example includes cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
(ii) Anionic detergents: Sodium alkyl sulphates and sodium alkyl benzene sulphonates are anionic detergents.
Examples include sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearyl sulphate, etc.
(iii) Non-ionic detergents: They do not contain ions. They are esters of alcohols with high molecular mass.
They can be prepared by the reaction between stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
Example includes cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
(ii) Anionic detergents: Sodium alkyl sulphates and sodium alkyl benzene sulphonates are anionic detergents.
Examples include sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearyl sulphate, etc.
Examples include sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearyl sulphate, etc.
(iii) Non-ionic detergents: They do not contain ions. They are esters of alcohols with high molecular mass.
They can be prepared by the reaction between stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
They can be prepared by the reaction between stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
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