Explain the following with suitable example:
(a) Rosenmund reduction
(b) Gatterman-Koch reaction

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Solution

(a) Rosenmund reduction:
Hydrogenation of acyl chloride over catalyst (palladium on barium sulphate) gives aldehyde.
$C_{6} H_{5} C O C l H_{2} - ------ \to P d - B a S O_{4} C_{6} H_{5} - C H O + H C l$
(b) Gatterman-Koch reaction:
It is used to prepare aromatic aldehydes.
Under high pressure, benzene reacts with CO and HCl in presence of a catalyst ( $A l C l_{3} + C u_{2} C l_{2}$ ) to form benzaldehyde.
$C_{6} H_{6} C O, H C l - ------- \to A l C l_{3}, C u_{2} C l_{2} C_{6} H_{5} - C H O$

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P d - B a S O_{4}

+ C O + D C l A l C l_{3} - -- \to

+ C O + D C l A l C l_{3} - -- \to

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