Dear Student,
The retinas of our eyes have a large number of light-sensitive cells. These cells are of two types. One type of cell is cone shaped, while the other type is rod shaped. They are called cones and rods respectively. The rods respond to intensity or brightness of light, while the cones respond to colours. The cones make it possible to distinguish between different colours. Colour blindness is a defect where a person is unable to distinguish between different colours. This is because he/she has defective cone cells. Regards