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Question

Explain the importance of homologous organs in the process of evolution.

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Solution

The importance of homologous organs in the process of evolution is explained as follows:
i. Organs in different species which have a common anatomical plan but perform different functions are known as homologous organs.
ii. Organisms showing homologous organs indicate that they share a common ancestor, which had a similar internal body plan.
iii. Example: Forelimbs of humans, lizards and frogs; all of these have a five-finger arrangement but serve different functions.

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