Question

Explain the oxidation state of first row element of transition series.

Answer 1

The variability of oxidation state of transition metal is due to the involvement of $nd$ and $ns$ electron. Since, the energy b/w these orbitals is not high so electron can be lost from d-orbital as well. The variability of oxidation state arises due to the incomplete filling of d-orbitals such that their O.S differ each other by unity.