Explain the principles of scientific management given by Taylor.
Explain the principles of scientific management given by Taylor.
The principles of scientific management are discussed below:
(i) Science not Rule of Thumb: According to Taylor, each job should be performed in an organisation as per the scientific approach, as there is always one best method to maximize efficiency. This method can be developed through study and analysis. Selecting 'one best method' for activities can result in saving time, effort, money and resources.
(ii) Harmony, not Discord: According to this principle, Taylor emphasised that there should be complete harmony between the management and workers and there should be the transformation in thinking of both parties, called the mental revolution. It implies that management should share the gains with workers and workers should work hard for the betterment of the business.
It also emphasises that the prosperity of the employer cannot exist for long if it is not accompanied by the prosperity of its employees, and vice-versa.
(iii) Mental Revolution: It involves a change in the attitude of workers and management. Both should realise the importance of the other and should cooperate with each other. Both should aim to increase the size of the surplus. Managers should share their gains with workers, while workers should contribute to increasing profits. This attitude will bring prosperity to both, the company as well as the workers.
(iv) Cooperation, not Individualism: This principle is an extension of the principle of harmony, not discord. According to this principle. 'Competition should be replaced by cooperation. Management and workers both should realise that they need each other'. For this, management should entertain and reward the constructive suggestions of employees and follow a paternalistic style of management At the same time. workers should also cooperate with management, resist from going on strikes and making unreasonable demands to the management.
(v) Development of each and every person to his/her greatest efficiency: According to this principle, 'Each person should be scientifically selected and then assigned work as per their specialisation and in any case, if training is required, then impart training to them as efficient employees would produce more and earn more'. Worker training is essential to learn the 'best method' developed as per the scientific approach. This would ensure the greatest efficiency for both, workers and the organisation.
The principles of scientific management are discussed below:
(i) Science not Rule of Thumb: According to Taylor, each job should be performed in an organisation as per the scientific approach, as there is always one best method to maximize efficiency. This method can be developed through study and analysis. Selecting 'one best method' for activities can result in saving time, effort, money and resources.
(ii) Harmony, not Discord: According to this principle, Taylor emphasised that there should be complete harmony between the management and workers and there should be the transformation in thinking of both parties, called the mental revolution. It implies that management should share the gains with workers and workers should work hard for the betterment of the business.
It also emphasises that the prosperity of the employer cannot exist for long if it is not accompanied by the prosperity of its employees, and vice-versa.
(iii) Mental Revolution: It involves a change in the attitude of workers and management. Both should realise the importance of the other and should cooperate with each other. Both should aim to increase the size of the surplus. Managers should share their gains with workers, while workers should contribute to increasing profits. This attitude will bring prosperity to both, the company as well as the workers.
(iv) Cooperation, not Individualism: This principle is an extension of the principle of harmony, not discord. According to this principle. 'Competition should be replaced by cooperation. Management and workers both should realise that they need each other'. For this, management should entertain and reward the constructive suggestions of employees and follow a paternalistic style of management At the same time. workers should also cooperate with management, resist from going on strikes and making unreasonable demands to the management.
(v) Development of each and every person to his/her greatest efficiency: According to this principle, 'Each person should be scientifically selected and then assigned work as per their specialisation and in any case, if training is required, then impart training to them as efficient employees would produce more and earn more'. Worker training is essential to learn the 'best method' developed as per the scientific approach. This would ensure the greatest efficiency for both, workers and the organisation.
