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Introduction of VSEPR

Explain the r...

Question

Explain the reason for the fusion of an organic compound with metallic sodium for testing nitrogen. sulphur, and halogens.

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Solution

The elements like $N, S, P$ or halogens in the organic compounds are present in the form of covalent bond and they are converted into ionic species (e.g. $C ⊝ N, S^{2 -}, P O_{4}^{3 -},$ and $X^{⊝}$ ions) by fusing with $N a$ . These ionic species can be easily detected by ionic reaction

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Q. The sodium test, or Lassaigne’s test, is used in an elemental analysis of the qualitative determination of the presence of foreign elements, namely halogens, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus in an organic compound.
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Q. The sodium test, or Lassaigne’s test, is used in an elemental analysis of the qualitative determination of the presence of foreign elements, namely halogens, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus in an organic compound.
The test involves heating the sample strongly with a clean sodium metal, ‘fusing’ it with the sample. The ‘fused’ sample is then plunged into water, and the usual qualitative tests are performed on the resultant solution for the respective possible constituents.

When both

N

S

are present in an organic compound, the sodium extract with

F e C l_{3}

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