Question

Explain the role of the following in the functioning of our body elaborately :-

Hypothalamus

Pons

Thalamus

Pituitary gland

Pineal gland

Answer 1

1. Hypothalamus

- It produces 'inhibitory hormones' and 'releasing hormones'
- It regulates the secretion of hormones from pituitary gland
- It is also responsible for certain metabolic processes.
- It also controls body temperature, hunger,thirst,sleep,circadian rhythm, fatigue and attachment behaviour.

2.pons

The pons contains nuclei that relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, along with nuclei that deal primarily with sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture.

3. Thalamus

The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is the large mass of gray matter in the dorsal part of the diencephalon of the brain with several functions such as relaying of sensorysignals, including motor signals, to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

4. Pituitary gland

The hormones of the pituitary gland help regulate the functions of other endocrineglands. The pituitary gland has two parts—the anterior lobe and posterior lobe—that have two very separate functions. The hypothalamus sends signals to the pituitary to release or inhibit pituitary hormone production.

5.pineal gland
Of the endocrine organs, the function of the pineal gland was the last discovered. Located deep in the center of the brain, the pineal gland was once known as the “third eye.” The pineal gland produces melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones.