Explain the significance of the following in the extraction of aluminium.
(i) Bauxite
(ii) Sodium hydroxide
(iii) Cryolite
(iv) Graphite

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Solution

(i) Bauxite is the most common ore from which aluminium is extracted.
(ii) The impurities present in bauxite are removed by sodium hydroxide through the Baeyer's process.
(iii) Cryolite decreases the fusion temperature or melting point of pure alumina.
(iv) Graphite acts as the anode in the process of electrolysis.

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For each substance listed below, explain its significance in the extraction of aluminium:

(a) Bauxite, (b) Sodium hydroxide,

Q. For each of the substances listed below, explain its role in the extraction of aluminium:
(a) bauxite
(b) sodium hydroxide
(c) cryolite
(d) graphite

In order to obtain 1 tonner of aluminium, the following inputs are required. 4 tonnes of bauxite, 150 kg of sodium hydroxide and 600 kg of graphite. The aluminium compound in bauxite is aluminium oxide and the main impurity is Iron (III) oxide. Aluminium is obtained by the electrolysis of aluminium oxide dissolved in cryolite.

(a) When bauxite is treated with sodium hydroxide solution, what happens to:

(i) the aluminium oxide,

(ii) the iron (III) oxide?

(b) (i) Name the process used for the purification of bauxite.

(ii) Write the equation for the action of heat on aluminium hydroxide.

(ii) Write down the word which correctly completes the following sentence.By dissolving aluminium oxide in cryolite a ..........(conducting/non conducting) solution is produced.

(iii) Why is so much graphite required for the electrolytic process?

(iv) Write the equation for the reaction which takes palace at cathode.

Q. In order to obtain one tonne of aluminium, the following inputs are required:
4 tonnes of bauxite, 150 kg of sodium hydroxide and 600 kg of graphite.
The aluminium compound in bauxite is aluminium oxide and the main impurity is iron (III) oxide. Aluminium is obtained by the electrolysis of aluminium oxide dissolved in cryolite.
(a) When bauxite is treated with sodium hydroxide solution, what happens to:
(i) the aluminium oxide?
(ii) the iron (III) oxide?
(b) (i) Name the process used for the purification of bauxite.
(ii) Write the equation to show the action of heat on aluminium hydroxide.
(c) (i) Write the formula of cryolite.
(ii) Write down the word which correctly completes the following sentence:
"By dissolving aluminium oxide in cryolite, a __________ (conducting/non-conducting) solution is produced.
(iii) Why is so much graphite required for this electrolytic process?
(iv) Write the equation for the reaction which takes place at the cathode.
(d) In construction work, why is the alloy of aluminium, duralumin used rather than pure aluminium.

Q. For each of the substance listed below, describe the role played in the extraction of aluminium:
(1) Cryolite
(2) Sodium hydroxide
(3) Graphite

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Explain the significance of the following in the extraction of aluminium. (i) Bauxite (ii) Sodium hydroxide (iii) Cryolite (iv) Graphite

Explain the significance of the following in the extraction of aluminium.
(i) Bauxite
(ii) Sodium hydroxide
(iii) Cryolite
(iv) Graphite