Explain the situation of deficient demand in an economy with the help of a diagram.
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Solution
In the diagram, AB represents the deflationary gap or deficient demand. Deficient demand refers to the situation when aggregate demand is short of aggregate supply corresponding to full employment level in the economy. Aggregate supply being perfectly elastic, it converges with aggregate demand at a lower level of output lower than the full employment level of output in the economy. This is a situation of
underemployment equilibrium.