Question

Explain the stages of Non-co-operation Movement of 1920-22. Why was it suspended?

Answer 1

Non-co-operation movement:
1. The congress started the Non-co-operation movement in 1920.
2. In order to show their opposition for the Rowlatt Act, Jallian wala Bagh massacre and Montague chelmsford reforms, Gandhi started non-co- operation movement.
3. The movement was observed in three stages.
First Stage :Indians who received titles and honours from the British renounced them in protest.
Second Stage :There were large scale demonstrations including hartals. All Government institutions including schools, colleges, offices and legislatures were boycotted. Important leaders were arrested and Imprisoned.
Third Stage :The most important final stage of the movement was non-payment of taxes. The congress session held in 1921 at Ahmedabad called upon the people not to pay taxes to the Government till their demands were met. The non-co-operation movement was in its full swing. Hartals and lock-outs were all over the country.
Reasons for suspension of the movement:When the Non-co-operation movement was in Full swing, Gandhi advised his followers not to involve in violence. On February 5, 1922 at Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh a procession of peasants was re-organized. The police fired at the peasants. In relation the angry Peasants attacked and burnt the police station killing 22 policemen. Gandhi was upset and suspended the Non-co-operation movement immediately.