Question

Explain the vertebral column in detail. Mention any two functions of the vertebral column. [5 MARKS]

Answer 1

Vertebral column : 3 Marks
Functions : 2 Marks


Any three:

• Vertebral column running at the back of the body is also called as spine or the backbone.
• It is in the trunk region to offer support to the upper part of the body.
• Vertebral column is made up of individual bones called as vertebrae.
• Total vertebral column consists of 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 lumbar vertebrae, 5 fused sacral and 3 fused coccygeal vertebrae.
• Vertebral column runs from the base of the skull to the hip bone forming a tube. Spinal cord passes through this hollow tube.
• Movement of neck can be up, down or sidewards.
• Vertebrae are joined by gliding joints which offer spring movement to the backbone. Body can be bent back, front or sidewards.

Functions (any two) :

• It protects the spinal cord.
• It supports the head.
• It serves as an attachment for the ribs.
• It provides support and place of attachment for the pectoral and pelvic girdle.
• It provides movement for the human skeleton.
• It helps in walking and standing erect, correct posture.