Question

Explain the working principle of distillation. Explain with the help of an example. [3 MARKS]

Answer 1

Working principle: 2 Marks
Example: 1 Mark

Distillation is a method used to separate two miscible liquids. When two liquids are miscible and the difference between their boiling point is high, then we use this method.
It is used to separate acetone and water. The boiling point of acetone is 56${}^{\circ }$C, while that of water is 100${}^{\circ }$C.
So, when we heat the mixture of acetone and water above 56${}^{\circ }$C and below 100${}^{\circ }$C, acetone gets evaporated and water remains.
In this way, the mixture of acetone and water gets separated.