Explain various types of imperfections in solids
Explain various types of imperfections in solids
Various types of imperfections in solids are as follows :
Stoichiometry defect:- These are point defects that do not disturb the stoichiometry of the solid. They are also called intrinsic or thermodynamic defect.
Vacancy defect:- when some lattice sites are vacant, the crystal is said to have vacancy defect
Interstitial defect:- When some constituent particles occupy an interstitial site, the crystal is said to have interstitial defect.
Vacancy and interstitial defect are shown by non-ionic solids. Ionic solids show Frenkel and Schottky defects.
Frenkel defect:- The smaller ion is dislocated from its normal site to interstitial site creating a vacancy defect at its original site. It is also called dislocation defect. No change in density is seen.
Ex: Zns, AgCl, etc.
Schottky defect:- Vacancy defect in ionic solid in order to maintain electrical neutrality, the number of missing cation and anion are equal.
It decreases the density of substance.
Ex: NaCl, KCl etc.
Various types of imperfections in solids are as follows :
Stoichiometry defect:- These are point defects that do not disturb the stoichiometry of the solid. They are also called intrinsic or thermodynamic defect.
Vacancy defect:- when some lattice sites are vacant, the crystal is said to have vacancy defect
Interstitial defect:- When some constituent particles occupy an interstitial site, the crystal is said to have interstitial defect.
Vacancy and interstitial defect are shown by non-ionic solids. Ionic solids show Frenkel and Schottky defects.
Frenkel defect:- The smaller ion is dislocated from its normal site to interstitial site creating a vacancy defect at its original site. It is also called dislocation defect. No change in density is seen.
Ex: Zns, AgCl, etc.
Schottky defect:- Vacancy defect in ionic solid in order to maintain electrical neutrality, the number of missing cation and anion are equal.
It decreases the density of substance.
Ex: NaCl, KCl etc.
