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Question

Explain why? [5 MARKS]
(a) Anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aq. HCl is an excellent conductor of electricity.
(b) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(c) When the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened, there are fumes in the air.

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Solution

a) 2 Marks
b) 1 Mark
c) 2 Marks

(a) It is so because anhydrous HCI is a covalent compound and there are no ions present in it but in aqueous HCI ions are present.
HCI + H2OH3O++CI
Thus, the aqueous HCI conducts electric current.

(b) It is so because in the first case, the vapour evolved consists mostly of vapours of water but when conc. HCI is boiled, its vapour consists of mostly the molecules of HCI.

(c) It is due to the formation of hydrochloric acid on reacting with atmospheric water vapour as it is highly soluble in water. These droplets of liquid hydrochloric acid appear like fumes.

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