Explain why ferromagnetic substances are used to make permanent magnets.
Following are the reasons for using ferromagnetic substances to make permanent magnets-
1) Ferromagnetic substances such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and so on can be magnetized strongly when placed in an external magnetic field because here the magnetic moment of the individual atoms are aligned and point in the same direction.
2) In the presence of magnetic fields, all its domains get oriented in the same direction which will remain the same even after the magnetic fields are removed making it a suitable substance for a permanent magnet.
3) Due to the presence of uniform electron spins which are present/pointing in the same direction causes ferromagnetic substances to have strong attractive or repulsive forces when introduces to a permanent magnet.