Explain why the number of atoms in a certain volume of hydrogen is twice the number of atoms in the same volume of helium at the same temperature and pressure.

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Solution

Avogadro's law states that an equal volume of all gases under similar conditions temperature and pressure contain an equal number of molecules.
Hydrogen is a diatomic gas
Number of atoms in Hydrogen $(H_{2}) = 2 \times 6.022 \times 10^{23}$ atoms
Helium is a mono-atomic gas
The number of atoms in Helium $(H e) = 6.022 \times 10^{23}$ atoms.
Thus, at the same temperature and pressure, hydrogen has twice the number of atoms as helium.

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