Factorise the following expression-
$(x + y)^{2} - 4 x y$

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Solution

${(x + y)}^{2} - 4 x y$
$= x^{2} + y^{2} + 2 x y - 4 x y$
$= x^{2} + y^{2} - 2 x y$ is of the form $a^{2} + b^{2} - 2 a b = {(a - b)}^{2}$
$= {(x - y)}^{2}$

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