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Factors affecting india climate
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Dear Student
Factors affecting climate of India:
- Monsoon winds: There are two monsoon winds that blow over India, one is the moist south-west monsoon wind in the summer and the other is the dry north-east monsoon winds in winter.
- Altitude: Temperature decreases with increase in height at the rate of 6.5°C per 1000 meters difference in height. The high peaks of the Himalayas are thus always covered by snow. Shimla is therefore cooler than Delhi as it lies at a higher elevation. Ooty in the Nilgiris in the Western Ghats is cool even in summer because of its height though it lies near the equator.
- Distance from the Sea: Compared to land water takes longer to heat or to cool. The Peninsular of India is surrounded by water in the east, west and south. Therefore, compared to north India south India has a moderate climate. As north India lies far from the sea the difference in summer and winter temperatures is very high. The climate in north India is of extreme type.
- The movement of westerly jet stream to the north of Himalayas and easterly jet stream over Indian peninsular.
- Altitude :The temperature decreases with increase in height. For every 1000 metres of ascent, there is a drop of about 6 °C in temperature. Due to this reason, the places in the mountains are cooler than in the plains. Thus, the hill stations, such as Srinagar, Shimla, Mussoorie, Naini Tal, Darjiling, etc. remain cold almost throughout the year. Thus the towns and cities in the plains experience warm climate in comparison to hill stations.
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Factors affecting climate of India:
- Monsoon winds: There are two monsoon winds that blow over India, one is the moist south-west monsoon wind in the summer and the other is the dry north-east monsoon winds in winter.
- Altitude: Temperature decreases with increase in height at the rate of 6.5°C per 1000 meters difference in height. The high peaks of the Himalayas are thus always covered by snow. Shimla is therefore cooler than Delhi as it lies at a higher elevation. Ooty in the Nilgiris in the Western Ghats is cool even in summer because of its height though it lies near the equator.
- Distance from the Sea: Compared to land water takes longer to heat or to cool. The Peninsular of India is surrounded by water in the east, west and south. Therefore, compared to north India south India has a moderate climate. As north India lies far from the sea the difference in summer and winter temperatures is very high. The climate in north India is of extreme type.
- The movement of westerly jet stream to the north of Himalayas and easterly jet stream over Indian peninsular.
- Altitude :The temperature decreases with increase in height. For every 1000 metres of ascent, there is a drop of about 6 °C in temperature. Due to this reason, the places in the mountains are cooler than in the plains. Thus, the hill stations, such as Srinagar, Shimla, Mussoorie, Naini Tal, Darjiling, etc. remain cold almost throughout the year. Thus the towns and cities in the plains experience warm climate in comparison to hill stations.
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