Filamentous cyanobacteria in suitable conditions often divide by which of the following?
Cyanobacteria show different asexual modes of reproduction, sexual reproduction is absent in cyanobacteria. They show binary/ multiple fission, spore formation, but fragmentation is seen in case of filamentous cyanobacteria.
Fragmentation is seen in the filamentous form of cyanobacteria where a fragment of the filament splits apart and the split part grows into a new individual when a filament breaks into multiple fragments. All those multiple fragments later grow into independent adult organisms.
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction where an outgrowth (buds) appears on the surface of the parent body which breaks off and gives rise to new individual organisms.
Spore formation is a form of asexual reproduction where different types of spores are formed for reproduction, in the case of non-filamentous cyanobacteria under unfavourable condition different types of spores like endospore, exospore, etc. are formed and when the unfavourable condition is over they liberate those spores to form new vegetative cells.