The correct option is
A As soon as
In the given sentence, there are two actions/events: (1) He switched on the machine and (2) The power went off. The second event happened immediately after the first action. The conjunction, 'as soon as' is used to say that something happened/ will happen immediately after something else has happened. Hence, this is the most appropriate conjunction to be used in the given blank and option A is correct.
Option B: The phrase, 'such as'. means 'for example'. Eg: I do not do tasks such as washing vessels. Given its meaning, this phrase cannot be used in the given blank to complete the sentence meaningfully. Hence, option B is incorrect.
Option C: When the word, 'then' is used alone in a sentence (i.e. without the word, 'If), it acts an adverb of time and means 'at that time'. In the given sentence, the word, 'if' is not used. Hence, the word, 'then' cannot act as a conjunction in the given sentence and option C is incorrect.
Option D: The phrase 'as well as' means 'in addition' or 'too'. Given its meaning, this phrase cannot be used in the given blank to complete the sentence meaningfully. Hence, option D is incorrect.