The correct option is
C since
The given sentence indicates that 'They' became friends in 1978 and still are friends today. The answer must indicate the above fact. Thus, the answer must mean 'from a point in the past till now'.
Option A is incorrect. 'for' means 'during the continuance of'. For example, i have been running for two hours. Thus, it does not have the required meaning and is incorrect.
Option B is incorrect. 'in' means 'included within a period of time'. For example, in ancient times. Thus, it does not have the required meaning and is incorrect.
Option C is correct. 'since' means 'from a point in the past till now'. Thus, it has the correct meaning and is the correct answer.
Option D is incorrect. 'before' means 'prior to a certain time'. For example, submit the paper before 6 pm. Thus, it does not have the required meaning and is incorrect.