Question

Fill in the Blanks:

a. The border conflict between China and India in 1962 was principally over __________ and __________ region.
b. ARF was established in the year __________.
c. China entered into bilateral relations with __________ (a major country) in 1972.
d. __________ Plan influenced the establishment of the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation in 1948.
e. __________ is the organisation of ASEAN that deals with security.

Answer 1

a. The border conflict between China and India in 1962 was principally over Arunachal Pradesh and Aksai Chin region.

Explanation

The origin of the border dispute between China and India is related to the McMahon line. This line demarcates the boundaries of India and China in NEFA (presently, Arunachal Pradesh),which China refuses to acknowledge considering it an ‘imperial line’. In 1956–57, the Chinese constructed a road across the Aksai Chin region, which triggered off a full-fledged Indo-China war in 1962. Arunachal Pradesh continues to remain a point of contention between India and China

b. ARF was established in the year 1994 .

Explanation

Established in 1994, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) is an organisation that promotes the coordination of security and foreign policy. It is considered as the key forum to carry out security dialogues and discussions as well as to promote peace and stability in the Asian region.

c. China entered into bilateral relations with United States (a major country) in 1972.

Explanation

China, in a bid to end its political and economic isolation and to keep pace with development, entered into bilateral relations with the US in the year 1972. It was marked by the visit of President Nixon, which ended the separation between the communist China and the democratic US.

d. Marshall Plan influenced the establishment of the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation in 1948.

Explanation

Having a devastating effect on the European economies, the Second World War had brought about far-reaching consequences in Europe. After the Second World War, European integration was supported by the US to revive European economies and to grant financial and economic aid. Under the Marshall Plan, massive financial aid was extended to Europe, and the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation was set up in 1948.

e. ARF (ASEAN Regional Forum) is the organisation of ASEAN that deals with security.

Explanation

The ARF was a major initiative by ASEAN members to encourage dialogues and negotiations on security matters. Its important objectives have been to develop confidence-building measures and encourage peaceful resolution of conflicts in order to ensure peace and security in the region.