Question

Fill in the blanks:

Hormones	Target gland
(a) Hypothalamic hormone	.................................
(b) Thyrotrophin (TSH)	.................................
(c) Corticotrophin (ACTH)	.................................
(d) Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH)	.................................
(e) Melanotrophin (MSH)	.................................

Answer 1

(a) Hypothalamic hormones: Pituitary

Hypothalamic hormones include thyrotropin-releasing, gonadotropin-releasing, growth hormone-releasing, corticotrophin-releasing, somatostatin and dopamine hormones. These hormones release into the blood through the capillaries, travelling to the pituitary gland where their effects are exerted.

(b) Thyrotropin (TSH) : Thyroid

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is produced and released into the bloodstream by the pituitary gland. It controls the production of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine, by the thyroid gland by binding to receptors located on cells in the thyroid gland.

(c) Corticotrophin (ACTH) : Adrenal

The ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to make and release corticosteroid hormones into the blood.

(d) Gonadotrophins (LH, FSH) : Ovary, Testis

In females, LH and FSH stimulate ovary to produce steroids.

In males, LH stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone and FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to produce an androgen-binding protein (ABP), thereby stimulating spermatogenesis.

(e) Melanotropin (MSH) : Melanocyte

MSH stimulate the production and release of melanin (a process referred to as melanogenesis) by melanocytes in skin and hair.