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Question

Find 3 consecutive terms in GP whose sum is 13 and sum of whose square is 91?

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Solution

Let the numbers be a , ar , ar2 .

Now a + ar + ar2 = 13

a(1 + r + r2) = 13 ---------(1)

a2 + a2r2 + a2r4 = 91

a2 ( 1 + r2 + r4 ) = 91 --------(2)

Squaring (1) dividing by (2)

a2(1 + r + r2)2 / a2 ( 1 + r2 + r4 ) = 169 / 91.

(1 + r + r2)2 / ( 1 + r2 )2 – r2 ) = 13 / 7.

(1 + r + r2)2 / ( 1 + r2 + r) ( 1 + r2 - r) = 13 / 7.

( 1 + r2 + r) / ( 1 + r2 - r) = 13 / 7

7( 1 + r2 + r) = 13( 1 + r2 - r)

( 7 + 7r2 + 7r) = ( 13 + 13r2 - 13 r)

6r2 - 20r + 6 = 0

3r2 - 10r + 3 = 0.

3r2 - 9r - r+ 3 = 0.

3r(r – 3) –1 (r - 3) = 0.

(3r – 1)(r – 3) = 0

r = 3 , 1 / 3.

Substitute r in equ(1) we get

a( 1 + 3 + 9) = 13 and a ( 1 + 1 / 3 + 1 /9) = 13

13a = 13 and 13a / 9 = 13

a = 1 and a = 9.

Now numbers are a , ar , ar2.

If r = 3 and a = 1 then

1, 3 , 9 are the numbers.

If r = 1/ 3 and a = 9 then

9, 3 , 1 are the numbers.

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