Divergent evolution - thorns of Bougainvillae and tendrils of Cucurbita.
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B
Adaptive radiation - Australian marsupials
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C
Natural selection - Industrial melanism
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D
Genetic drift - constant gene frequency
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Solution
The correct option is D Genetic drift - constant gene frequency
Genetic drift is a change in the gene frequency of a small population that takes place strictly by chance.
It can result in genetic traits being lost from a population or becoming widespread in a population without respect to the survival or reproductive value of the alleles involved.
Genetic drift can occur only in small, isolated populations in which the gene pool is small enough that chance events can change its makeup substantially.
So, the correct option is 'Genetic drift - constant gene frequency'.