∥ is the symbol for modulus function.It is also known as absolute value function.
Modulus of a number gives its distance from origin.
So |-2| = 2, because -2 is 2 units away from the origin.
⇒ similarly, |-1| = 1
|0| = 0
|1| = 1
⇒ |-2| + |-1| + |0| + |1| = 2 + 1 + 0 + 1= 4