First transformation experiment on bacteria was performed on
A
Escherichia coli
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B
Salmonella typhimurium
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C
Pasteurella pestis
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D
Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Solution
The correct option is CStreptococcus pneumoniae Transformation is the transfer of genetic material from one bacterial strain to other without establishing a physical contact. F. Griffith infected mice with a mixture of virulent (SIII) and non-virulent strains (RII) of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Heat-killed SIII did not cause an infection but a mixture of heat-killed SIII and living RII strains caused infection because a transforming substance was transferred from heat-killed strain to nonvirulent strain causing non-virulent strain to transform into the virulent form. There was no direct physical contact between virulent and non-virulent strains during transfer of genetic material.