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Question

Following is the break up of the expenditure of a family on different items of consumption:
Items Food Clothing Rent Education Fuel etc. Medicine Miscellaneous
Expenditure (in Rs) 1600 200 600 150 100 80 270
Draw a pie-diagram to represent the above data.

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Solution

We know:
Central angle of a component = (component value/sum of component values × 360)
Here, total expenditure = Rs 3000
Thus, central angle for each component can be calculated as follows:
Item Expenditure (in Rs) Sector angle
Food 1600 1600/3000 × 360 = 192
Clothing 200 200/3000 × 360 = 24
Rent 600 600/3000 × 360 = 72
Education 150 150/3000 × 360 = 18
Fuel etc 100 100/3000 × 360 = 12
Medicine 80 80/3000 × 360 = 9.6
Miscellaneous 270 270/3000 × 360 = 32.4
Total : 3000 (in Rs)

Now, the pie chat representing the given data can be constructed by following the steps below:
Step 1 : Draw a circle of an appropriate radius.
Step 2 : Draw a vertical radius of the circle drawn in step 1.
Step 3 : Choose the largest central angle. Here, the largest central angle is 192o. Draw a sector with the central angle 192o in such a way that one of its radii coincides with the radius drawn in step 2 and another radius is in its counter clockwise direction.
Step 4 : Construct other sectors representing the other items in the clockwise sense in descending order of magnitudes of their central angles.
ā€‹Step 5 : Shade the sectors with different colours and label them as shown in the figure below.ā€‹ā€‹

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