Question

Question 18
Following statements describe the five steps in animal nutrition. Read each statement and give one word for each statement. Write the terms that describes each process.

(a) Transportation of absorbed food to different parts of body and their utilisation.

(b) Breaking of complex food substances into simpler and soluble substances.

(c) Removal of undigested and unabsorbed solid residues of food from the body.

(d) Taking food into the body.

(e) Transport of digested and soluble food from the intestine to blood vessels.

Answer 1

Part (a): Assimilation:

1. Food that is absorbed by the system is transported to the different cells of the body by blood and lymph.
   
2. All the nutrients except dietary fats absorbed by the system are carried by the blood while fat molecules are carried to the cells by the lymph.
   
3. This process movement of nutrients is called assimilation.

Part (b): Digestion:

1. The process of enzymatic breakdown of nutrients present in food is called digestion.
   
2. Digestion occurs throughout the alimentary canal to convert the larger molecules of nutrients into smaller absorbable molecules.
   

Part (c): Egestion:

1. The removal of undigested components present in food is called egestion.
   
2. Egestion occurs through the anus where feces is removed out of the system. ​

Part (d): Ingestion:

1. The ingestion of food occurs through the mouth.
   
2. It is the intake of food which occurs through the buccal cavity.
   

Part (e): Absorption:

1. ​The movement of digested food into the system is called absorption.
2. Nutrients broken down through digestion can be easily absorbed through the walls of alimentary canal.