For determining the melting point of ice the thermometer should be kept:
with its bulb in the ice cube
Explanation for correct answer:
a. with its bulb in the ice. - This is because to take the temperature readings for the ice it should be in touch with it.
Explanation for incorrect answers:
b.in contact with the inner wall of the beaker - If the bulb is kept in touch with the inner walls of the beaker it might give incorrect readings because it is also in direct contact with the outer air which doesn't have the same temperature as the ice.
c. a little above the ice cube - This will give incorrect readings because of the slight difference in the temperature of the ice and the air above it.
d. In touch with the beaker from the outside - This will give incorrect readings because to get the temperature of the ice it has to be in contact with the ice and not the outer wall of the beaker.
Hence, option A) is the correct answer.