For each notebook, a shopkeeper gets Rs. 4 as profit and for each pen, he loses 20 paise. The total profit he made was Rs. 40. And he sold 100 pens during that period. Find the number of notebooks sold during that period. [Assume he only sold notebooks and pens during that period; Answer in terms of a number]
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Solution

Loss on selling 1 pen = 20 paisa = - Rs. 0.2

So, loss on selling 100 pens = Rs. ((-0.2) x 100) = - Rs. 20

Total gain = Profit earned on notebooks + Loss incurred on pens

So, profit earned on notebooks = Total gain - Loss incurred on pens

= Rs. 40 - (-Rs. 20)

= Rs. 40 + Rs. 20

= Rs. 60

So, notebooks sold
$= \frac{Profit earned on notebooks}{Profit per notebook}$
$= \frac{R s . 60}{R s . 4}$
$= 15 n o t e b o o k s$

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