For each notebook, the shopkeeper gets ₹ 4 as profit and for each pen he loses $20$ paisa. The total profit he made was ₹ 40. If he sold $100$ pens during that period, find the profit earned on notebooks.
[Assume he only sold notebooks and pens during that period; Answer in terms of a number]

₹ 40

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₹ 60

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₹ 50

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₹ 30

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Solution

The correct option is B ₹ 60
Here, we denote profit with '+' and loss with '-'
Loss on selling $1$ pen = $20$ paisa = - ₹ 0.2

So, loss on selling $100$ pens
= ₹ $(- 0.2 \times 100)$ = - ₹ 20

Total gain = Profit earned on notebooks + Loss incurred on pens

So, Profit earned on notebooks = Total gain - Loss incurred on pens

= ₹ 40 - (- ₹ 20)

= ₹ 40 + ₹ 20

= ₹ 60

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