For rusting of iron to take place, ________ are required.

_{2}

O and O

_{2}

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_{2}

and O

_{2}

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_{2}

and H

_{2}

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_{2}

and H

_{2}

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Solution

The correct option is A H $_{2}$ O and O $_{2}$
The rusting of Iron requires iron, water, and oxygen.
First step: Oxidation of solid iron
Dissolution of solid iron into solution
$F e (s) \to F e^{2 +} (a q) + 2 e^{-}$

$4 e^{-} + 4 H^{+} (a q) + O_{2} (a q) \to 2 H_{2} O (l)$
Second step: Formation of hydrated iron oxide(rust)
iron dissolves a predominance of hydroxide ions in the water to form green rust.
$F e^{2 +} (a q) + 2 O H^{-} (a q) \to F e (O H)_{2} (s)$

$4 F e^{2 +} (a q) + 4 H^{+} (a q) + O_{2} (a q) \to 4 F e^{3 +} (a q) + 2 H_{2} O (l)$
The overall reaction is written as:
$4 F e + 3 O_{2} + 6 H_{2} O \to 4 F e (O H)_{3}$

This compound dehydrates to become $F e_{2} O_{3} . H_{2} O$ (chemical formula for rust).

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