For the reaction CaCO3(s) ⇋ CaO(s) + CO2(g) the partial pressure of CO2 (at equilibrium) depends on:
temperature
CaCO3(s) ⇋ CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
Kc = [CaO(s)][CO2(g)][CaCO3(s)]
Since concentration of CaCO3(s) and CaO(s) are constant, therefore modified equilibrium
constant for the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate will be Kc= [CO2(g)]
or Kp = pCO2