Formula mass is applicable in the case of:
Ionic compounds
Formula mass is applicable in the case of ionic compounds.
For example,
Ionic compound like sodium chloride donot contain discrete molecules as their constituent units.
In such compounds, positive (sodium) and negative (chloride) entities are arranged in a three-dimensional structure.
The formula such as NaCl is used to calculate the formula mass instead of molecular mass as in the solid state sodium chloride does not exist as a single entity.