Question

A shopkeeper earns a profit of Re 1 by selling one pen and incurs a loss of 40 paise per pencil while selling pencils of her old stock.

(i) In a particular month, she incurs a loss of Rs 5. In this period, she sold 45 pens. How many pencils did she sell in this period?

(ii) In the next month, she earns neither profit nor loss. If she sold 70 pens, how many pencils did she sell? [3 MARKS]

Answer 1

Steps: 2 Marks
Result: 1 Mark


(i) Profit earned by selling one pen = Re 1
Profit earned by selling 45 pens = Rs 45, which we denote by + Rs 45
Total loss = Rs 5, which we denote by (– Rs 5)

Profit earned + Loss incurred = Total loss
Therefore, Loss incurred = Total Loss – Profit earned
= Rs (– 5 – 45) = Rs (–50) = (– 5000 paise)
Loss incurred by selling one pencil = 40paise
which we write as (– 40paise)

So, number of pencils sold
$=(–5000)÷(–40)=125pencils$.

(ii) In the next month, there is neither profit nor loss.
So, Profit earned + Loss incurred = 0
i.e., Profit earned = – Loss incurred.

Now, profit earned by selling 70 pens = Rs 70
Hence, the loss incurred by selling pencils = Rs 70 which we indicate by (– Rs 70) or (– 7,000 paise).
Total number of pencils sold
$=(–7000)÷(–40)=175pencils$.