Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture of miscible liquids into its component parts based on the difference in their boiling points. Based on this information, fractional distillation is a __________ process.

Separation of a mixture into its component parts

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Separation of components occur due to difference in their boiling point

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It is a special type of distillation

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All of these

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Solution

The correct option is A
Separation of a mixture into its component parts

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. In this process the chemical compounds are separated due to differences in their boiling points. The components are heated to a temperature at which one or more fractions will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate. Generally the component parts have boiling points that differ by less than 25 °C from each other under a pressure of one atmosphere. If the difference in boiling points is greater than 25 °C, simple distillation is used.

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Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts or fractions. This is the process of separation of chemical compounds due to difference in their boiling point. The mixture is heated to a temperature at which one or more fractions (component parts) will vaporize. It is a special type of distillation.

Air is a homogeneous mixture of 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases such as helium, krypton, nitrogen dioxide etc.

Consider three gases oxygen, nitrogen and argon whose boiling points are -183, -196, -186 degree celsius, they are to be separated from air using fractional distillation.

Air is compressed by increasing the pressure and then cooled by decreasing the temperature in order to get liquid air. This liquid air is allowed to warm-up slowly in a fractional distillation column, where gases get separated at different heights depending upon their boiling points. As the height of tower increases the temperature increases.

Statement: The temperature is ____ at the base of the fractional distillation column.

Fractional Distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts or fractions. This is the process of separation of chemical compounds by their boiling point, the mixture is heated to a temperature at which one or more fractions (component parts) will vaporize. Generally the component parts boil at less than 25°C from each other under a pressure of one atmosphere. It is a special type of distillation.

Air is a homogeneous mixture of 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases like Helium, Krypton, Nitrogen dioxide etc.

Consider three gases Oxygen, Nitrogen and Argon whose boiling points are -183, -196, -186 degree celsius, that are to be separated from air using Fractional Distillation.

The air is compressed by increasing the pressure and is then cooled by decreasing the temperature to get liquid air. This liquid air is allowed to warm-up slowly in a fractional distillation column, where gases get separated at different heights depending upon their boiling points. As the height of tower increases the temperature increases.

State True of False:

Statement: The temperature is low at the base of the Fractional Distillation.

A mixture of miscible liquids can be separated into its components by fractional distillation.

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component or fractions. This process is based on difference in boiling point of the components in the mixture. This is a special type of distillation.

Air is a homogeneous mixture of 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases such as helium, krypton, nitrogen dioxide etc.

Consider three gases oxygen, nitrogen and argon whose boiling points are: -183, -196, -186 degree celsius. They are to be separated from air using fractional distillation.

Air is compressed by increasing pressure and is then cooled by decreasing the temperature to form liquid air. This liquid air is allowed to warm-up slowly in a fractional distillation column, where gases get separated at different heights depending upon their boiling points. As the height of tower increases the temperature increases.

__ is the gas collected in least volume.

Q. Fractional distillation is suitable for separation of miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of about 25 K or less. What part of fractional distillation apparatus makes it efficient and possess an advantage over a simple distillation process. Explain using a diagram.

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